Preventing Dementia: What Doctors Say
With roughly 747,000 Canadians living with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia, the urgency of prevention has never been clearer. The World Health Organization recently revised its guidelines to lower the risk of cognitive decline, and a Toronto physician says that everyday choices can make a big difference.
World Brain Day Highlights the Need for Action
World Brain Day, observed on July 22, aims to raise awareness of neurological disorders and promote brain health. The day underscores that many cases of dementia could be avoided through proactive measures.
Lifestyle Changes That Matter
Dr. Howard Chertkow, scientific director at the Kimel Family Center for Brain Health and Wellness at Baycrest, stresses that “the best medicine is always prevention.” He points to several evidence‑based habits:
Exercise: 150 minutes of vigorous activity each week cuts the risk of heart disease, stroke, depression and dementia.
Diet: A balanced, nutrient‑rich diet supports vascular health and may slow cognitive decline.
Social engagement: Regular interaction with friends, family, or community groups keeps the brain active.
Mental stimulation: Puzzles, learning new skills, or other intellectually demanding activities help maintain neural connections.
Avoiding toxins: Limiting alcohol, cannabis, and other harmful substances reduces brain damage.
Sleep health: Treating sleep apnea and ensuring restful sleep protects the brain.
Even simple habits like daily flossing can lower gum‑derived bacteria, which research links to brain health.
Pharmacological Options and Their Limits
Lecanemab, a drug that targets toxic amyloid‑beta clumps in the brain, received approval from the Canadian Drug Agency last October. Priced between $40,000 and $50,000 for a 12‑ to 18‑month course, it is currently not covered by Ontario’s OHIP.
Dr. Chertkow notes that while Lecanemab can slow progression by about 30% in patients with mild Alzheimer’s, it does not halt the disease or restore normal function.
Research Frontiers and Future Hope
Recent findings presented at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference in London highlighted new blood‑test tools that could improve early diagnosis and predict future cognitive decline.
Scientists are also exploring anti‑inflammatory therapies, brain‑inflamed drug candidates, and repurposed medications such as Viagra and Cialis, which show potential protective effects.
Despite excitement, developing a truly effective treatment remains a lengthy process, requiring rigorous trials and years of study before market availability.
Takeaway
While no cure exists yet, the combination of lifestyle modifications, early detection, and ongoing research offers a promising pathway to reduce the burden of dementia. As Dr. Chertkow reminds us, “Emphasizing educational, lifestyle and motivational programs while educating the public about what they can do to maintain brain function as they age” is the most powerful step we can take today.
